COVID-19: Six of the ten highest rates of increase are in Africa as countries reel from deadly second wave 

Nairobi, 27 January 2021 – Save the Children is warning that the lives of thousands of children across Africa are at risk as the hard-hitting second wave of COVID-19 surges across the continent. The agency fears many African countries will be forced to wait months before they can vaccinate even the most vulnerable people and essential frontline health workers, deeply impacting the lives of children.

Africa has six of the top ten countries with the fastest rates of increase in confirmed cases, measured by the time taken for the total number of cases to double¹. The continent’s COVID-19 mortality rate is also now higher than the global average, marking a grim development from previous phases of the virus. The case fatality rate across Africa is now at 2.5 percent, above the global average of 2.2 percent², with the rapid spread of the highly contagious South African variant of particular concern. 

Save the Children is urgently calling for wealthier countries to prioritise global equitable access to all COVID-19 medical tools, including oxygen and vaccines. Any delays in vaccinating health workers could further disrupt nutrition, immunisation and other essential health services for children if health workers fall ill, or families needing healthcare stay away from hospitals because of fears of contracting COVID-19.

Malawi now has the second highest rate of increasing confirmed cases in the world, with cases doubling in just twelve days, from 9,991 on January 14 to 20,830 cases on January 26³. Malawi is in the “Least Prepared” group in the 2019 Global Health Security Index, with particularly low scores on ‘response to an epidemic’ (176^th out of 195 countries).

The surge in demand for oxygen coupled with a chronic oxygen undersupply is undermining the health system’s ability to cope with the increasing COVID-19 caseload, as well as its ability to respond to other illnesses such as childhood pneumonia.

Medical oxygen is universally available in rich countries, while across much of Africa it is not available or is a luxury item⁴.

In West Africa, Nigeria continues to have the largest number of COVID-19 infections, with nearly 125,000 confirmed cases. In Lagos, the demand for oxygen has surged amid the second wave, with one of the main hospitals reporting a fivefold increase in demand in recent weeks. In response, the federal government in January approved the equivalent of US $17 million to establish 38 oxygen plants across the country. 

Save the Children is calling on governments to stop vaccine nationalism, and to support countries in Southern Africa through the provision of oxygen and other supplies as they reel from extremely high rates of spread of the disease. 

Save the Children’s Country Director for Malawi, Kim Koch, said: “Our staff are working tirelessly to deliver support for children in an increasingly challenging situation. People are sick or in quarantine, many are caring for sick family members, balancing child-care at home, or facilitating funerals or memorials. Our teams are hit as well, and have to adapt their plans in order to work as safely as possible, taking into account the regulations for working in a pandemic. Whenever safe and necessary, we will continue to carry out lifesaving support to address the immediate healthcare crisis in the country.”

Save the Children’s Head of Health, Lenio Capsaskis, said: “In the wake of the tragic news that COVID-19 has caused more than 100,000 deaths in the UK, we need no reminder of just how important vaccines and other public health measures are. While we rightly throw everything we have at defeating the disease at home, it’s vital we show solidarity with families in Africa and across the world by ensuring COVAX is fully supported and funded.⁵

“We understand it will be difficult to ensure equal access of the initial supply of vaccines, but governments must do what they can to make sure it’s as fair as possible and avoid further accelerating the huge global inequities we face today. This pandemic has shown that our own protection is rooted in the protection of others - no one safe until everyone is safe.”   

Save the Children remains deeply concerned by the longer-term impact of the pandemic on children’s education. The longer children are out of school, the less likely it is for them to return. Research by the charity last year found that globally, 10 million children may never return to school. Save the Children is urging governments to follow World Health Organisation Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) guidelines⁶ when making vaccine allocation decisions. This includes ensuring teachers and school staff are recognised as a priority group for vaccinations, once frontline health workers and high-risk populations are vaccinated. This will be vital for keeping education staff safe at school once they reopen and to help reduce the unprecedented level of disruption to children's learning and wellbeing due to school closures. 

ENDS

Notes to editors

Save the Children has spokespeople available for interview. Please contact: d.stewart@savethechildren.org.uk / +44 (0)20 3763 0119, or 24 hrs: media@savethechildren.org.uk / +44 (0) 7831 650409.

1. Accurate at 27 Jan 2021 https://ourworldindata.org/covid-cases Countries where rate of confirmed cases is increasing most rapidly, measured by the time taken for the total number of confirmed cases to double. 
2. Africa CDC 21 Jan 2021 https://enca.com/news/africa-records-higher-death-rates-during-coronavirus-second-wave  
3. Accurate at 27 Jan 2021 https://ourworldindata.org/covid-cases 
4. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/12/11/covid-19-has-turned-the-spotlight-on-the-uneven-provision-of-oxygen-a-stark-health-inequity/
5. COVAX, the vaccines pillar of the ACT-Accelerator, convened by CEPI GAVI and WHO, is designed to speed up the search for an effective vaccine for all countries. https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19-8-january-2021
6. https://www.who.int/groups/strategic-advisory-group-of-experts-on-immunization/covid-19-materials