In this guide: Five expert tips from a Save the Children psychologist on supporting children worried about war, backed by current research on conflict impact on mental health.
Five tips from a psychologist and child counsellor
Children are always the most vulnerable in every conflict.
Their lives are at risk. So is their mental health and the potential for long-term trauma.
But perpetual social media, news and conversations between adults mean that other children around the world – those not close by or directly affected by it – are also very aware of the crisis.
Many are frightened and don't know what to expect.
They have questions.
Recent research reveals the scale of this challenge. According to a 2025 study published in BMC Psychiatry, PTSD prevalence among war-exposed children ranges from 4.5% to 89.3%, with depression rates reaching 25%. UNICEF reported that 2024 was one of the worst years in its history for children in conflict, with over 449 million children—approximately 1 in 6 globally—now living in conflict zones.
Even children not directly affected by war experience significant anxiety. NHS England data from 2024 shows over 500 children per day in England are referred for anxiety treatment—more than double pre-pandemic rates.
So, to help parents, family and care-givers navigate the overwhelming task of responding to children's fears and worries, Ane Lemche, a psychologist and child counsellor at Save the Children, has shared five tips on how to talk to kids about hard things such as war:
1. Make time and listen
Give children the space to talk when they want to—even if you're in the middle of something else. Research shows that children who have open conversations about distressing events with trusted adults experience relief and reduced anxiety. Listen more than you speak, and let their questions guide the conversation.
Encourage them to tell you what they know, how they feel and to ask you questions.
2. Tailor the conversation to the child: Age-Appropriate Ways to Discuss Conflict
Older children will need more details while younger ones may be satisfied just by understanding that sometimes countries fight.
Be informed, keep calm and answer questions honestly. Begin with simple information – too much detail may overwhelm and cause anxiety.
3. Validate their feelings: Supporting Children's Emotional Responses to War News
Speak to the child about how they feel. According to child development research, children who feel their emotions are validated and taken seriously develop healthier coping mechanisms. They should not feel judged or have their concerns dismissed.
When children have the chance to have an open and honest conversation about things upsetting them, they can feel relieved
4. Reassure them
Remind them that this is not their problem to solve. Adults all over the world are working hard to fix this.
They shouldn't feel guilty playing, seeing their friends and doing the things that make them feel happy.
5. Give them a practical way to help
For example, they could start fundraisers, write letters to local decision-makers or create drawings for peace.
Children who have the opportunity to help can feel like they are part of the solution instead of feeling helpless.
Frequently Asked Questions About Talking to Children About War
How much news exposure is too much for children?
Limit children's direct exposure to news coverage, especially graphic images and repetitive footage. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends parents watch news first, then discuss age-appropriate facts with children rather than letting them consume news directly.My child wants to help—what are appropriate actions for different ages?
Younger children (5-8) can draw pictures, make cards, or donate pocket money. Older children (9-12) can write letters, organize fundraisers at school, or learn about refugee experiences. Teenagers can engage with advocacy, volunteer opportunities, or deeper education about conflict resolution and international humanitarian law.What are signs that my child may be struggling?
Children exposed to war news may show anxiety, sleep disturbances, withdrawal, or increased clinginess. Research from Save the Children Ukraine (2024) found 43% of children in conflict zones display psychosocial distress including speech difficulties and twitching. Even children far from conflict can experience secondary trauma from repeated news exposure.When should I seek professional support?
While most children will manage their worries with your support, some may need additional help. Contact your GP or school counsellor if your child shows persistent anxiety, nightmares, withdrawal from activities they once enjoyed, or physical symptoms like stomachaches without medical cause. NHS CAMHS provides specialist support for children's mental health. NHS CAMHS provides specialist support for children's mental health. The Children's Commissioner also offers guidance on children's wellbeing during difficult times."
Related Topics
Understanding children's anxiety: external NHS resource
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Updated September 2025
This guidance was originally published in 2022 and has been updated in September 2025 to reflect ongoing conflicts in Gaza, Ukraine, Sudan, and other regions affecting children globally. We review this guidance regularly to ensure it reflects current research and conflicts affecting children globally.
